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RNA interference/silencing mechanisms triggered by double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) have been described in many eukaryotes, including fungi. These mechanisms have in common small RNA molecules (siRNAs or microRNAs) originating from dsRNAs that, together with the effector protein Argonaute, mediate silencing. The genome of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans harbours a well‐conserved Argonaute and a non‐canonical...
Intracellular accumulation of glycerol is essential for yeast cells to survive hyperosmotic stress. Upon hyperosmotic stress the gene expression of enzymes in the glycerol pathway is strongly induced. Recently, however, it was shown that this gene‐expression response is not essential for survival of an osmotic shock [Mettetal JT et al. (2008) Science 319: 482–484 and Westfall PJ et al. (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci...
It has been shown that the activation of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (Sod1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is only dependent on Ccs1, which is responsible for insertion of copper into the enzyme catalytic center, and that glutathione (GSH) is not necessary for this process. In this work, we addressed an important role of GSH in Sod1 activation by a Ccs1‐dependent mechanism during oxidative stress...
Arsenate is a common toxic metalloid found in drinking water worldwide that causes several human diseases. The biochemical action underlying cellular response to arsenate, however, is not yet completely understood. Here we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an eukaryotic model system to identify proteins essential for adaptation to arsenate treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated a function for...
We screened a set of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion mutants for resistance to killer toxin HM‐1, which kills susceptible yeasts through inhibiting 1,3‐beta‐glucan synthase. By using HM‐1 plate assay, we found that eight gene‐deletion mutants had higher HM‐1‐resistance compared with the wild‐type. Among these eight genes, five—ALG3, CAX4, MNS1, OST6 and YBL083C—were associated with N‐glycan formation...
Chromosomal DNA damage can be a result of several processes and agents of endogenous or exogenous origin. These cause strand breaks or oxidized bases that lead to strand breaks, which relax the normally supercoiled genomic DNA and increase its electrophoretic mobility. The extent of DNA damage can be assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis, where the chromosomal DNA migration distance correlates...
Chlorophenols are a class of chemicals commonly used in preservatives, disinfectants, algaecides, herbicides and pesticides. However, there is a growing evidence that these compounds are a threat to human health. This is alarming as many chlorophenols are common pollutants found in the global environment at potentially biohazardous levels. Despite chlorophenols being abundant, widely used and poisonous,...
We made a library of Saccharomyces cerevisiae F1 hybrids from all possible crosses of 16 wild‐type strains, including two common laboratory strains and two commercial winemaking varieties. Fourteen of the starting strains have been sequenced. Thus, the sequences of both genomes are known in 182 novel hybrids, and the sequence of one genome is known in 56. All tested strains sporulated. Fertilities...
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